Sodium Bicarbonate

Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogen carbonate), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na+) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO3−). Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline, but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). The natural mineral form is nahcolite. It is a component of the mineral natron and is found dissolved in many mineral springs.

Alkalinity/pH increase Sodium bicarbonate can be added to water of R.O. plant, swimming pools, spas, and garden ponds to raise the total alkalinity (increase the pH).

Chemistry

Sodium bicarbonate is an amphoteric compound. Aqueous solutions are mildly alkaline due to the formation of carbonic acid and hydroxide ion:

HCO⁻₃ + H₂O → H₂CO₃ + OH⁻

Sodium bicarbonate can be used as a wash to remove any acidic impurities from a “crude" liquid, producing a purer sample. Reaction of sodium bicarbonate and an acid produces a salt and carbonic acid, which readily decomposes to carbon dioxide and water:

NaHCO₃ + HCl → NaCl + H₂CO₃

H₂CO₃ → H₂O + CO₂(g)

Sodium bicarbonate reacts with acetic acid (found in vinegar), producing sodium acetate, water, and carbon dioxide:

NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CH₃COONa + H₂O + CO₂(g)

Sodium bicarbonate reacts with bases such as sodium hydroxide to form carbonates:

NaHCO₃ + NaOH → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O

Thermal decomposition

At temperatures from 80-100 °C (176-212 °F), sodium bicarbonate gradually decomposes into sodium carbonate, water, and carbon dioxide. The conversion is faster at 200 °C (392 °F):

2 NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Most bicarbonates undergo this dehydration reaction. Further heating converts the carbonate into the oxide (above 850 °C/1,560 °F):

Na₂CO₃ → Na₂O + CO₂

These conversions are relevant to the use of NaHCO₃ as a fire-suppression agent (“BC powder") in some dry-powder fire extinguishers

PACKING

Available in packing of 50 Kg.

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